What is Change Management in the ServiceNow ITSM module?

Change Management, as the name suggests, is managing change in a manner, where nothing breaks because of a change that you've made or need to make. Let's say, you've got a server machine running Windows Server 2012. We know that Microsoft has ended support for this version of server. To keep your network secure, you decide to upgrade your system to a later version of Windows Server, let's say, Windows Server 2025. Now this is a "change" in the system. You're essentially changing the operating system from server 2012 to server 2025 and all sorts of problems can occur. Maybe the software that were running on server 2012 isn't compatible with server 2025 and might become buggy or unstable or might refuse to work altogether. Change Management is where you plan ahead, determine the feasibility of the change, make sure that the change is necessary, and find ways to circumvent potential problems so that the overall system keeps on running even after the change is in effect. Perhaps, you'd need to upgrade the software, or maybe you'd need some patches for the software to make it compatible with the server 2025 etc. 

To summarize, Change Management is where you plan ahead and circumvent problems that might occur due to a change that you make in the system. Change Management isn't about actually executing the change in the system. Change Management is where you simply determine if a change is necessary and feasible, what problems can occur due to this change, how to circumvent those problems and then either approve the change or disapprove it. The actual change is made in another phase (Release Management) if the change is approved at the Change Management stage.

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